86. – 90. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
No human dream is more universal than the longing for a paradise on earth, a place free of the ravages of time and disease, where the best in nature flourishes while the worst is forbidden to enter. By definition, such magical lands can’t be near at hand; they must be remote and inaccessible – destinations to be reached by pilgrimage or a heroic journey. Ancient Tibetan Buddhist texts spoke of just such a kingdom, where wise kings, blessed with long life spans, await the day when they will take power over the world, ushering in a golden age of peace and justice. This mythical kingdom was called “Shambala,” and its location was believed to be a valley in northern India. Said to be enclosed by a double ring of snow-capped mountains, this fabled valley of Shambala resembled a “mandala,” which is Buddhism’s circular symbol of the unity of all creation. Known only to a few European enthusiasts of Asia in the 19th century, the myth of Shambala was popularized in the 20th century by the famous Russian mystic, Madame Blavatsky, who claimed she received telepathic messages from the mystic valley.

86. It is clear from the passage that the myth of Shambala ----.
A) was originally introduced by those Europeans in the 19th century who were interested in Buddhism and carried out extensive studies in India
B) began to be so popular in Europe in the 19th century that, with Madame Blavatsky, it turned into a mystical kind of religion
C) had obviously been very popular throughout Asia in the 19th and 20th centuries before it was discovered by the Europeans
D) had originally been an Indian myth and was later adopted by Tibetan Buddhists into their own culture
E) came to be known widely in Europe only in the last century, thanks to Madame Blavatsky

87. The author claims that a great many people ----.
A) yearn for a distant land of absolute health, happiness and goodness
B) imagine India as a land of plenty, where people lead a most prosperous and peaceful life
C) go on long pilgrimages to very remote places such as Tibet, where the most popular religion is Buddhism
D) have a mystical view of life which enables them to cope with the ravages of time and disease
E) have a strong desire to make a pilgrimage to the mythical valley of Shambala in order to recover from their sorrows and sufferings

88. According to the passage, ancient Tibetan Buddhists ----.
A) preferred to live in places which were very remote and not easily accessible for common people
B) had a very strong longing for a world in which Buddhist values and ideas were shared by all human beings
C) were most gifted writers who idealized life on earth and, in their writings, encouraged people to strive for peace and justice
D) often made long pilgrimages and journeys to the valley of Shambala in India in order to have a mystical experience
E) believed that a time would come when, under the rule of wise kings, peace and justice would prevail in the world

89. As one understands from the passage, the Russian mystic Madame Blavatsky ----.
A) was clearly one of the few Europeans in the 19th century who were seriously concerned with studies related to Asia
B) developed her telepathic skill through her study of Buddhism and also by making innumerable journeys to the valley of Shambala
C) constantly dreamed of a paradise on earth and made great efforts to make peace and justice dominant in the world
D) helped to spread interest in the mythical kingdom of Shambala
E) believed that a study of Tibetan Buddhist texts was indispensable for the acquisition and exercise of telepathic skills

90. One learns from the passage that, for Buddhism, ----.
A) the wise kings of the valley of Shambala value peace and justice more than any other thing
B) man can never enjoy absolute peace and justice in the world owing to his wickedness
C) the valley of Shambala is a sacred place for pilgrimage and worship
D) a paradise on earth can only be established in the distant future
E) everything created in the universe was part of one whole, which was represented by the symbol of mandala
91. – 95. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
The late Chinese Prime Minister, Chou-En Lai, upon being asked whether the French Revolution had been a good thing in world history, was reported to have said: “It is still too early to tell.” Watching the Western media analyze the recent emergence of China as a major investor in Africa and likely to become a new factor to rival the historical Euro-American ascendancy in African politics, one is even more justified in saying that it is “too soon to tell” what the outcome of the Chinese love affair in Africa will be. Besides China, India is also increasingly mentioned as a new source of large-scale investments in Africa. For the moment, the emergence of the Asian superpowers, themselves once in the sphere of British imperialism, as investors and trading partners in Africa, seems to offer an opportunity of shaking the “marginalisation” into which most African countries have fallen since the collapse of the Soviet bloc in 1989.

91. It is clear from the passage that, with the growing economic involvement of China and India in Africa, ----.
A) the British economic and political interests in the region can only be maintained through more investments by Britain
B) the Western superpowers have apparently lost their political influence in the region
C) this continent has clearly been gaining in importance
D) the Euro-American collaboration in the region will inevitably come to an end
E) regional governments have begun to introduce radical measures for the improvement of the economy

92. According to the passage, it is China, more than India, that ----.
A) has historically resisted British imperialism in order to safeguard its own interests in Africa
B) is in the fore front in Africa as a leading investor and trading partner
C) was extremely pleased with the collapse of the Soviet bloc in 1989
D) has attached much importance to the views of the Western media
E) has been most influenced in its ideology by the French Revolution

93. The author points out that, historically, Africa ----.
A) has always been on good terms with China, especially since the time of Chou-En Lai
B) has always played a central role in world politics and economic rivalry
C) was completely colonized by Britain but, later, came under the Soviet political influence
D) has always been subject to the European and American political hegemony
E) has suffered a great deal from British economic exploitation and political hegemony

94. One understands from the passage that the author ----.
A) is not yet sure of the possible consequences of China’s economic and political ascendancy in Africa
B) is much impressed by the widespread political improvement in Africa that has been ushered in by China
C) displays a hostile attitude towards the Euro-American ascendancy in Africa today
D) is particularly interested in Chou-En Lai’s ideas and policies with regard to Africa
E) is very biased in his assessment of the Chinese and Indian policies concerning the future of Africa

95. It is indicated in the passage that, although China and India have become economically and politically most powerful in Asia, ----.
A) they have failed to make an impact on African politics
B) their influence throughout the world is confined to Africa
C) they were themselves, in fact, colonized and exploited by Britain in the past
D) they have still to upgrade themselves in order to be able to contribute to the improvement of life in most African countries
E) their rivalry in Africa has undermined their struggle against the Euro-American alliance
 
96. – 100. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Editors have two primary functions which sometimes overlap: finding/selecting manuscripts, then polishing them for publication. Acquisitions editors perform the first chore. The approach they adopt depends on several factors. The idea for a college text, for example, usually originates inside the publishing house; the acquisition editor’s job is then to choose a suitable author to produce the manuscript. In a trade book division, on the other hand, the acquisitions editor may be more passive, carefully reading manuscripts and queries that are mailed in, then recommending the best of these for development as a book. In the former case, the acquisitions editor may be knowledgeable in a given area (economics, perhaps, or one of the sciences) while the second type might be more of a generalist. Copyeditors, who whip the manuscript into shape for the press, must possess a superb background in English and bring to their work high standards of accuracy and thoroughness along with a remarkable attention to detail.

96. According to the passage, editors have two primary functions ----.
A) one of which is to write publicity announcements about the books which will be published
B) the most crucial of them to prepare manuscripts for publication
C) which occasionally merge into each other
D) both of which are related to the selection of books to be published
E) which few publishers can fulfil

97. We learn from the passage that a college text ----.
A) usually has its starting point in a lecturer’s notes
B) is always assigned to an author by copyeditors
C) can only be edited by the original author
D) is harder to edit than a trade book
E) often has its origin in an editor’s office

98. It is clear from the passage that, the queries and manuscripts sent to an editor’s office ----.
A) are meticulously examined with a view to making books
B) are rarely of any interest to the editorial staff
C) will almost always result in a publication
D) seldom receive the attention they deserve
E) are of vital importance in the search for a suitable writer for a given text

99. We understand from the passage that an acquisitions editor, working on college texts, will probably ----.
A) have far better skills and qualifications than copyeditors
B) have started his career in one of the branches of the media
C) have taken courses in marketing and advertising
D) aim to go on to promote sales
E) have a specialized knowledge of one or more fields

100. It is obvious from the passage that the work of a copyeditor ----.
A) is one of the easier ones in the publishing business
B) hardly differs from that of the acquisitions editor
C) has been constantly underrated
D) requires an excellent grasp of the English language and the ability to give precise expression
E) combines specialized knowledge with communication skills and the ability to summarize essential points